How to operate the welding machine

Electric welding machine is a kind of welding equipment widely used in construction, machinery manufacturing, automobile maintenance and other fields. It produces high-temperature arc through current to melt and connect metal materials together. Mastering the correct operation method of electric welding machine can not only improve work efficiency, but also ensure operation safety. This paper will introduce the basic operation steps and precautions of electric welding machine in detail.

A, the types of electric welding machine

Common electric welding machines include manual arc welding (SMAW), gas shielded welding (MIG/MAG), argon tungsten arc welding (TIG) and other types. Beginners usually learn from manual arc welding machine, because its operation is relatively simple and its application range is wide.

Second, the preparation work before operation

1. Check the equipment status: make sure that the electric wire of the welding machine is not damaged, the grounding is good, and the welding gun or electrode holder is not damaged.
2. Wear protective equipment: The operator should wear protective mask, gloves and protective clothing to avoid eye injury caused by arc light and skin burn caused by high temperature.
3. Prepare the workpiece and covered electrode: select the appropriate covered electrode and adjust the current according to the thickness of the welding material; Clean up the oil stain, rust and other impurities in the welding area to ensure good contact.

Three, the basic operation steps of electric welding machine

1. Connect the power supply: Connect the power cord of the welding machine to a suitable socket or distribution box, and pay attention to that the power supply voltage should be consistent with the rated voltage of the welding machine.
2. Adjust the current: according to covered electrode diameter and welding thickness, adjust the appropriate welding current. Generally, the larger the diameter of covered electrode, the higher the required current.
3. Arc initiation: clamp covered electrode on the electrode holder, and tap or scratch the surface of the workpiece to initiate an arc. When operating for the first time, you can practice the arc striking action more and master the skills.
4. Welding:
-Keep proper arc length (generally one or two times the diameter of covered electrode);
-Move the welding gun evenly, and keep the angle between the covered electrode and the workpiece between 70 and 80;
-Observe the shape of the molten pool, ensure that the metal is fully fused, and avoid problems such as slag inclusion and porosity.
5. Closing and arc extinguishing: slowly lengthen the arc and gradually cut off the power to prevent cracks at the end of the weld.

Fourth, the handling after the operation

After welding is completed, turn off the power supply and check the weld quality. If defects are found, they can be ground and welded again. At the same time, clean up the spatter in the welding area and maintain the equipment to ensure the safety of next use.

V. Matters needing attention

1. It is forbidden to watch the arc light with naked eyes during operation to prevent "lightning eye".
2. The welding site should be well ventilated and away from inflammable and explosive articles.
3. Beginners should operate under the guidance of professionals and gradually master the skills.
4. Maintain the equipment regularly, check the running state of the welding machine, and prolong the service life.

In a word, the operation of electric welding machine needs to combine theory with practice, and it is necessary to master basic skills and pay attention to safety awareness. Only under the premise of standardized operation can welding quality and personal safety be guaranteed.