How to reduce transformer noise

As an indispensable equipment in power system, transformer will produce certain noise during operation. This kind of noise not only affects the quietness of the surrounding environment, but also may interfere with people's life and health. Therefore, reducing transformer noise is an important topic in power engineering design and operation management. This paper will start with the causes of noise and discuss the effective methods to reduce transformer noise.

First, the causes of transformer noise

The noise of transformer mainly comes from the vibration caused by magnetostriction of iron core and the electromagnetic force in winding. When the transformer is electrified, the alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field through the winding, which makes the iron core material periodically expand and contract, thus generating vibration and making noise. In addition, the fans and oil pumps in the cooling system will also bring mechanical noise. These noise frequencies are mostly concentrated in low frequency bands, with long propagation distance and strong penetration.

Second, measures to reduce transformer noise

1. Optimize the design structure

In the design stage of transformer, high-quality silicon steel sheet with low magnetostriction should be selected to reduce core vibration. The laminated structure and fastening method of iron core should also be designed reasonably to reduce hysteresis vibration. The structural design of the winding should also be as symmetrical as possible to avoid vibration caused by unbalanced electromagnetic force.

2. Use vibration and noise reduction devices

A shock absorber or rubber pad can be installed between the transformer body and the foundation to isolate the transmission path of vibration and reduce noise radiation. In addition, noise can be effectively absorbed and blocked by installing sound-absorbing materials or enclosures on transformer shell or oil tanks.

3. Improve the cooling system

For forced oil circulation or air-cooled transformers, the noise of fans and oil pumps can not be ignored. By selecting low-speed and low-noise fans, the design of cooling duct can be optimized to reduce aerodynamic noise. At the same time, regularly maintain the cooling equipment to prevent additional noise caused by equipment aging or increased vibration.

4. Set up sound barriers and green belts.

Setting sound barriers (such as concrete walls, metal sound insulation boards, etc.) or planting green belts around substations or transformers can effectively block the spread of noise. Plants not only have sound absorption effect, but also beautify the environment and improve the overall acoustic quality.

5. Reasonable site selection and layout

When planning the installation location of substations and transformers, we should try to avoid sensitive areas such as residential areas, schools and hospitals. Through reasonable layout and increasing the distance between transformer and residential area, the influence of noise on the surrounding environment can be significantly reduced.

Third, the conclusion

With the continuous improvement of people's requirements for the quality of living environment, reducing transformer noise has become an important task in power equipment manufacturing and operation management. By optimizing design, adopting vibration and sound insulation technology, improving cooling system and reasonable layout, transformer noise can be effectively controlled and a quieter and more harmonious living environment can be created. In the future, with the development of new materials and technologies, transformer noise control technology will be more mature, contributing to the construction of green power and environmental protection cities.